Performance-Based Multi-Objective Optimization of Biochar-Modified Recycled Aggregate Vegetation Concrete Using AI

Author

N. Yasaswini Bhavya, P. Gnana Jyothi, P. Archana, R. Manmadha, Dr. G. Ganesh Prabhu

Abstract

Vegetation concrete is an eco-friendly porous material used for slope protection, soil-erosion control and plant-growth support. Its interconnected voids allow water and air to pass and provide space for root development, but conventional mixes can be limited in compressive strength, water retention and durability. This term paper reviews how recycled aggregates (RA) from construction and demolition waste and biochar can improve vegetation concrete while reducing its environmental impact, and proposes an Artificial Intelligence (AI) based framework for optimizing biochar-modified recycled aggregate vegetation concrete (BRAVC). The framework uses machine-learning models (Random Forest, XGBoost and Artificial Neural Networks) trained on experimental and literature data to predict compressive strength, porosity, permeability, pH and plant-growth performance. The Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) is then used for multi-objective optimization, and TOPSIS ranks the resulting Pareto-optimal mixes. Findings from the reviewed studies indicate typical vegetation-concrete design ranges of 25–30% porosity, pH 8–10 and a water–cement ratio of 0.30–0.35, and that about 1–5% biochar replacement is commonly reported as beneficial, while excessive biochar reduces strength and workability. Laboratory validation of the predicted optimum mix is proposed to confirm model reliability.

Keywords

Biochar, recycled aggregate, vegetation concrete, Artificial Intelligence, multi-objective optimization, NSGA-II, TOPSIS, compressive strength, sustainability.

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