A Comprehensive Review of Electric Vehicle Technologies: Batteries, Powertrain, Charging Infrastructure and Sustainable Mobility

Author

Tellakula Revanth, Tutika Gayatri, Sanchana Upendra, Sidagana Siva, A L Naidu

Abstract

 Electric Vehicles (EVs) are becoming an increasingly attractive technology due to their potential to enhance energy efficiency while reducing oil dependence and greenhouse gas emissions. This term paper presents a comprehensive review and synthesis of 30 research papers focused on critical aspects of electric-vehicle technology, such as batteries, electric powertrains, charging, fast-charging, renewable-energy integration, smart charging, vehicle-to-grid (V2G), energy management, environmental impacts, EV adoption. Future developments. The reviewed literature indicates that battery technology is a critical factor influencing the range, performance, charging time, cost, lifetime, and environmental impacts of EVs. While lithium-based batteries are currently dominant, solid-state batteries and post-lithium approaches are being explored to provide higher energy-density and improved safety-profiles while enabling faster-charging, increased longevity. Reduced costs.

The review also explores different EV powertrain technologies and charging systems such as Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs), Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs), Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs). Other electric vehicles. These require efficient motors, power converters, battery management systems, and appropriate charging infrastructures. Fast charging technologies such as Direct Current (DC) fast charging, ultra-fast charging, inductive charging, bidirectional charging, and battery swapping are being developed to shorten charging time and improve EV usability. However, battery degradation, thermal management, charging infrastructures, standardization, interoperability, and cost are significant challenges associated with EVs.

Keywords

Electric Vehicles (EVs) Battery Technology, Electric Powertrain, EV Charging Infrastructure, Fast Charging, Renewable Energy, Smart Grid, Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G)

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References

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