RFID-Based EV Charging Station Using Renewable Energy

Author

Banrjee Shomit Sanjay,Kishor Eknath Doke, Dhanshri Shantaram Dhanwate


Abstract

 The rapid adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) demands charging infrastructure that is secure, automated and environmentally sustainable. This paper presents the design and simulation of an RFID-based EV charging station powered by solar photovoltaic (PV) energy. A 3 kWp PV array feeds a 51.2 V, 6.14 kWh LiFePO4 battery bank through an MPPT charge controller, and a two-bay constant-current/constant-voltage (CC–CV) charger supplies light electric vehicles. User authentication, prepaid billing and session control are implemented with an MFRC522 RFID reader interfaced to an ESP32 microcontroller, while current, voltage and temperature sensing provide protection and energy metering. The system is sized from the daily energy demand and local insolation and is evaluated with an hour-by-hour energy-balance simulation over one year. The results show that the station meets 82% of its annual demand from solar energy, imports only 687 kWh from the grid and avoids about 2.2 t of CO2 per year compared with a grid-only station. The design is low-cost, modular and suitable for semi-urban deployment.



Keywords

Electric vehicle, RFID, solar photovoltaic, MPPT, battery storage, charging station, ESP32.



Full Text:

Download Paper PDF


References


[1] International Energy Agency, “Global EV Outlook 2024,” IEA, Paris, France, 2024.

[2] Ministry of Power, Government of India, “Revised guidelines and standards for charging infrastructure for electric vehicles,” New Delhi, India, 2024.

[3] M. Yilmaz and P. T. Krein, “Review of battery charger topologies, charging power levels, and infrastructure for plug-in electric and hybrid vehicles,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 28, no. 5, pp. 2151–2169, May 2013.

[4] M. Etezadi-Amoli, K. Choma, and J. Stefani, “Rapid-charge electric-vehicle stations,” IEEE Trans. Power Del., vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 1883–1887, Jul. 2010.

[5] K. Finkenzeller, RFID Handbook: Fundamentals and Applications in Contactless Smart Cards, Radio Frequency Identification and Near-Field Communication, 3rd ed. Chichester, U.K.: Wiley, 2010.

[6] NXP Semiconductors, “MFRC522: Standard performance MIFARE and NTAG frontend,” Data Sheet.

[7] Espressif Systems, “ESP32 series datasheet,” Shanghai, China.

[8] M. G. Villalva, J. R. Gazoli, and E. R. Filho, “Comprehensive approach to modeling and simulation of photovoltaic arrays,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 24, no. 5, pp. 1198–1208, May 2009.

[9] T. Esram and P. L. Chapman, “Comparison of photovoltaic array maximum power point tracking techniques,” IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 439–449, Jun. 2007.

[10] D. Linden and T. B. Reddy, Eds., Handbook of Batteries, 3rd ed. New York, NY, USA: McGraw-Hill, 2002.

[11] J. A. Duffie and W. A. Beckman, Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes, 4th ed. Hoboken, NJ, USA: Wiley, 2013.

[12] World Bank Group and Solargis, “Global Solar Atlas 2.0,” [Online]. Available: https://globalsolaratlas.info

[13] Central Electricity Authority, Ministry of Power, India, “CO2 baseline database for the Indian power sector,” New Delhi, India.

Share your valuable work from Social Media Buttons