A Secure Hybrid Blockchain-Based E-Voting System with Biometric Authentication and Fraud Detection

Author

Dr. Neelambike S, A S Pranam, Chetan S S, Nachiketh L B, Vishwanath H


Abstract

 Online voting can make elections easier to administer and more accessible to voters who cannot conveniently reach a polling station. However, a remote voting system must establish voter identity, prevent repeated voting, preserve recorded vote integrity, and identify suspicious activity. This paper presents Ledger Vote, a hybrid electronic voting system that combines face authentication, liveness detection, duplicate-face prevention, rule-based fraud scoring, and a custom SHA-256 hash-chain ledger.

The system uses MediaPipe for face detection and blink and head-turn liveness checks, while InsightFace generates 512-dimensional ArcFace embeddings. Facial embeddings are encrypted using AES before storage. Routine user and election information is maintained in PostgreSQL, while each accepted vote is stored as a block in a custom Python-based SHA-256 hash chain. Functional and adversarial testing examined duplicate identities, repeated voting, suspicious activity, role restrictions, concurrent submissions, and ledger tampering.


Keywords

Electronic Voting, Blockchain, Hash Chain, Biometric Authentication, Face Recognition, Liveness Detection, Fraud Detection, Tamper Detection, Role-Based Access Control.



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References


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