Smart Battery Energy Storage System for Distribution Congestion Management

Author

V. G. Umale, Kashish Gajbhiye, Vaishnavi Thakare, Ashray Babhare, Satyawati Hanwate


Abstract

 Distribution feeders are being pushed towards their thermal limits by evening demand peaks, while solar generation adds variability that conventional feeder planning handles poorly. This paper presents a MATLAB/Simulink study of a smart battery energy storage system (BESS) that relieves congestion on a modelled 11 kV, 5.0 MW feeder. A 2 MW / 2 MWh lithium-ion battery with a battery management layer is supervised by a four-mode, threshold-based energy management system (EMS) that performs peak shaving, solar-surplus absorption, valley filling and standby operation, and restricts every command by the battery’s State of Power. The model tracks State of Charge, State of Health, State of Energy, State of Power, Depth of Discharge, C-rate and round-trip efficiency, together with feeder voltage, current, frequency and loading. Over a 24-hour run, the evening peak of 5.31 MW is cut to 4.50 MW (15.2 %), the 1.99 h of daily congestion and 0.58 MWh of thermal overload disappear, 1.04 MWh is shifted into the peak, round-trip efficiency is 90.25 %, and the modelled State of Health falls by only 0.02 %. Simple hand calculations are used to cross-check the reported numbers. The study is simulation-only, and its limitations and the route to hardware-in-the-loop validation are discussed.


Keywords

battery energy storage system, distribution congestion, energy management system, peak shaving, State of Health, solar PV.



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References


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