Synthesis and Characterization of 5-Ethoxycarbonyl-6-Methyl-4 Substituted-3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-One Derivatives

Author

Neelam Vijaya Durga, Dr. Nallajerla Sai Krishna, Saga Pavani Koteswari, Marapatla Joseph Raju, Kundeti Lakshmi Anitha, Jakkampudi Bhargavi, Namana Vijaya, Sankranti Vijaya Lakshmi

Abstract

 The present study focuses on the synthesis of 5-ethoxycarbonyl-6-methyl-4-substituted-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one derivatives through a one-pot Biginelli reaction under solvent-free conditions. These derivatives were prepared using different aromatic aldehydes containing electron-releasing and electron-withdrawing groups, ethyl acetoacetate, urea, and zinc chloride as a catalyst. The main objective of this work is to develop a simple, efficient, and environmentally friendly method for the synthesis of dihydropyrimidinone derivatives. The Biginelli reaction is an important multicomponent reaction in organic chemistry because it allows for the preparation of heterocyclic compounds from readily available starting materials in a single reaction step. In the present method, all the reactants were combined in one pot without using an additional solvent. Zinc chloride was used to promote the reaction and facilitate product formation. The solvent-free approach helps reduce solvent consumption, minimizes chemical waste, simplifies the experimental procedure, and makes the workup process easier. The method also offers the potential for shorter reaction times and favourable product yields, depending on the nature of the substituents present in the aromatic aldehydes. The synthesized compounds were isolated and purified using suitable work-up procedures. The products were characterized based on their physical properties and spectral studies to support the identification of the desired structures. The influence of electron-releasing and electron-withdrawing substituents on the aromatic ring may also be considered when evaluating the reaction outcomes. Overall, this study highlights the usefulness of the Biginelli reaction as a convenient approach for synthesizing substituted dihydropyrimidinone derivatives. The use of a one-pot procedure, zinc chloride, and solvent-free conditions provides a practical and potentially greener alternative to conventional solvent-based synthetic methods. This approach contributes to the development of efficient and environmentally responsible techniques in heterocyclic chemistry.

Keywords

Aromatic aldehydes, Biginelli reaction, electron-releasing groups, electron-withdrawing groups, urea, zinc chloride, environmentally friendly.

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References

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