Crumb Rubber Concrete: A Review of Mechanical, Durability and Structural Performance

Author

Mukesh, Rakesh Kumar

Abstract

 Recycling end-of-life tyres as aggregate in Portland cement concrete offers a potential route to divert persistent rubber waste from disposal and reduce the consumption of natural aggregates. This narrative review synthesizes the literature survey and thematic investigations assembled in the supplied thesis, focusing on crumb rubber particle characteristics, replacement strategies, fresh and hardened properties, durability, elevated-temperature behavior, and reinforced-concrete member response. Across the studies described in the thesis, increasing rubber dosage often decreases compressive strength and elastic stiffness, a trend commonly attributed to weak rubber–cement paste bonding, lower rubber stiffness, and additional voids. In contrast, rubber inclusion may improve deformability, post-cracking response, impact-energy absorption and selected insulation characteristics. Workability and transport properties vary with grading, replacement basis, admixtures, and treatment. Alkali treatment and supplementary cementitious materials are reported as possible methods for mitigating performance losses, although responses are not uniform. The review identifies a need for comparable volume-based mixture designs, well-defined surface treatments, longer-term durability measurements, and full-scale validation before structural or pavement applications can be generalized. This is a narrative synthesis, not a systematic review or new experimental investigation.

Keywords

Crumb rubber concrete, Mechanical performance , Waste tire recycling, • Sustainable construction materials, Concrete technology, State-of-the-art review

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References

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Source note: Reference details were transcribed and lightly normalized from the supplied thesis; verify each reference, DOI and publication details against the original paper before submission.

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