Formulation and Evaluation of Novel Nanoemulgel for the Topical Drug Delivery of Isavuconazole

Author

Aman Baghole, Dr. Amreen Khan , Dr. Umesh Kumar Atneriya , Dr. Dharmendra Solanki


Abstract

 Isavuconazole is a broad-spectrum triazole antifungal agent used in the treatment of invasive fungal infections; however, its topical delivery is limited due to poor aqueous solubility and inadequate skin permeation. The present research work was aimed at the formulation and evaluation of a novel nanoemulgel system for the effective topical delivery of Isavuconazole, with the objective of improving drug solubility, stability, skin penetration, and therapeutic efficacy. A nanoemulsion was developed using Oleic acid as the oil phase, Tween 80 as the surfactant, and Transcutol® as the co-surfactant, selected based on solubility and emulsification efficiency studies. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were constructed to identify the nanoemulsion region, and formulation optimization was carried out using Box–Behnken design by evaluating critical parameters such as droplet size, polydispersity index, and zeta potential. The optimized nanoemulsion was incorporated into a Carbopol-based gel to form a nanoemulgel suitable for topical application. The prepared nanoemulgel was evaluated for physicochemical properties including pH, viscosity, spreadability, extrudability, drug content, and in vitro drug release. The optimized formulation exhibited nanosized droplets, uniform distribution, excellent stability, and sustained drug release characteristics. FTIR studies confirmed the absence of drug–excipient incompatibility. Stability studies indicated that the nanoemulgel remained stable under different storage conditions. Overall, the developed Isavuconazole-loaded nanoemulgel demonstrated improved physicochemical and release characteristics, suggesting that it is a promising and effective topical drug delivery system for antifungal therapy.


Keywords

Isavuconazole, Nanoemulgel, Topical drug delivery, Nanoemulsion, Antifungal formulation



Full Text:

Download Paper PDF


References


  1. Shah, R., et al. (2023). "Nanoemulgel systems for topical drug delivery: Recent advances and future perspectives." Drug Delivery and Translational Research, 13(4), 789-808.
  2. Patel, V. R., et al. (2022). "Formulation and optimization of a nanoemulgel for enhanced topical delivery of antifungal drugs." International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 624, 121896.
  3. Gushiken, A.C.; Saharia, K.K.; Baddley, J.W. Cryptococcosis.  Dis. Clin. N. Am.2021, 35, 493–514. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  4. Lakoh, S.; Rickman, H.; Sesay, M.; Kenneh, S.; Burke, R.; Baldeh, M.; Jiba, D.F.; Tejan, Y.S.; Boyle, S.; Koroma, C.; et al. Prevalence and Mortality of Cryptococcal Disease in Adults with Advanced HIV in an Urban Tertiary Hospital in Sierra Leone: A Prospective Study. BMC Infect. Dis.2020, 20, 1–7. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
  5. Lockhart, S.R.; Guarner, J. Emerging and Reemerging Fungal Infections.  Diagn. Pathol.2019, 36, 177–181. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  6. Otto, W.R.; Green, A.M. Fungal Infections in Children with Haematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplant Recipients.  J. Haematol.2020, 189, 607–624. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  7. Vila, T.; Sultan, A.S.; Montelongo-Jauregui, D.; Jabra-Rizk, M.A. Oral Candidiasis: A Disease of Opportunity.  Fungi2020, 6, 15. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
  8. David, F.; Rodrigues Morais, J.; Beires, F.; Greefield, H.; Fernandes, G.L. Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis after COVID-19 Pneumonia.  J. Case Rep. Intern. Med.2022, 9, 003209. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  9. Swain, S.; Ray, A.; Sarda, R.; Vyas, S.; Singh, G.; Jorwal, P.; Kodan, P.; Khanna, P.; Xess, I.; Sinha, S.; et al. COVID-19-Associated Subacute Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis. Mycoses2022, 65, 57–64. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  10. Blot, S.; Rello, J.; Koulenti, D. Diagnosing Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in ICU Patients: Putting the Puzzle Together.  Opin. Crit. Care2019, 25, 430–437. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

 

 

 

Share your valuable work from Social Media Buttons