IN VITRO EVALUATION OF AQUEOUS AND ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF BARK AND LEAVES OF LANNEA COROMANDELICA FOR ANTIGOUT AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES

Author

Thatipamula Renuka, Syeda Nishat Fathima


Abstract

 Gout is a metabolic inflammatory disorder associated with hyperuricemia and monosodium urate (MSU) crystal deposition. Lannea coromandelica is traditionally used for gout and inflammatory disorders, but comparative evidence for its bark and leaves remains limited. This study evaluated the in-vitro antigout and anti-inflammatory activities of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of bark and leaves. Extracts were screened for phytoconstituents and evaluated for xanthine oxidase inhibition, protein denaturation, MSU crystal-induced protein denaturation, heat-induced haemolysis and HRBC membrane stabilization at 50–800 µg/mL. Allopurinol and diclofenac sodium served as reference standards. All extracts demonstrated concentration-dependent activity. Ethanolic bark extract showed the highest activity among plant extracts, with IC₅₀ values of 116.49 µg/mL for xanthine oxidase inhibition, 101.49 µg/mL for protein denaturation and 109.30 µg/mL for MSU-induced denaturation, followed by ethanolic leaf extract. Phenolics, flavonoids and tannins were detected in all extracts. These findings support the potential antigout and anti-inflammatory properties of L. coromandelica, particularly its ethanolic bark extract, warranting further in-vivo and mechanistic studies.



Keywords

Lannea coromandelica; Gout; Xanthine oxidase; Anti-inflammatory; Protein denaturation; HRBC membrane stabilization; Medicinal plant



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References


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