Real Power-Loss Minimization in the Nigerian 54-Bus Transmission Network: Data Integrity, AC-OPF Formulation and Reproducibility Requirements

Author

Zakka Barnabas, Chimen Sabo Jamous

Abstract

 Real power loss remains a major concern in the Nigerian high-voltage network because every megawatt dissipated in transmission must be supplied by additional generation and may therefore increase operating cost and emissions. This paper develops a reproducibility-centered framework for studying real power-loss minimization on a Nigerian 54-bus, 330-kV research representation extracted from a broader multi-objective optimal power-flow study. Rather than reporting an unsupported optimization gain, the paper audits the electrical data required before a defensible loss-minimization experiment can be conducted. The supplied case contains 54 buses, comprising one reference bus, eleven additional generator-controlled buses and forty-two load buses. Summation of the bus schedule gives 6,501.9 MW and 3,922.0 MVAr of listed demand, while the specified non-slack active generation is 4,537.0 MW. The line schedule comprises 80 branch records distributed across 62 unique bus-pair corridors and forms a connected topology. However, verified branch thermal ratings, non-unity taps settings, phase shifts, shunt/reactor controls, definitive generator capability limits and a validated mapping between twenty-one thermal-station objective records and twelve generator-connected buses are not yet available. These gaps prevent a new AC loss figure from being reported responsibly. The paper therefore formalizes the Newton-Raphson and AC optimal power-flow requirements for loss evaluation, contrasts the case with published Nigerian 54-bus studies, and identifies a minimum reproducibility package for future loss optimization. The central finding is methodological: loss reduction claims for Nigerian test systems are meaningful only when the exact network version, base case, branch flows, control settings, feasibility limits and absolute MW loss are reported together.

Keywords

active power loss; Nigerian 54-bus system; AC optimal power flow; MATPOWER; Newton-Raphson; transmission network; reproducibility; data validation

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References

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